{"id":232,"date":"2012-03-28T17:37:50","date_gmt":"2012-03-28T13:37:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zond-geo.co\/english\/?page_id=232"},"modified":"2018-10-28T21:00:02","modified_gmt":"2018-10-28T17:00:02","slug":"zondtem1d","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.zond-geo.co\/english\/zond-software\/electromagnetic-sounding\/zondtem1d\/","title":{"rendered":"ZondTEM1D"},"content":{"rendered":"ZondTEM1D<\/strong> software is designed for one-dimensional \u00a0multi-stations\u00a0interpretation(resistivity, IP and magnetic permeability) \u00a0of \u00a0 Transient ElectroMagnetic(TEM) and frequency sounding\u00a0for various observation systems [Line\/Loop, Loop\/Loop, Loop\/Line, Line\/Line ) \u00a0ground and airborne.\r\n\r\nComfortable interface and wide possibilities of data presentation allow to solve given geological problem with maximum effectiveness. While developing software special attention was paid to comfort and simplicity of its use, variety of visualization <\/a>features and account of a priori data.\r\n

\"Profile<\/strong><\/p>\r\nTEM sounding \u2013 \u00a0the methods of time domain electroprospecting \u00a0based on studying of field attenuation of vortical currents (transients) arising in electroconducting section at sharp curent off. The primary field is generated by transmission of rectangular impulses passing in not grounded loop or grounded line. \u00a0At \u00a0current off in the \u00a0source, measured voltage in receiver not instantly fall to zero but decreases gradually. It is connected to, that at the moment of current off \u00a0in conducting areas the secondary currents are induced. At the first moment of time it concentrated in near surface areas and then flow to more deep layers, fading with distance \u00a0from the source. \u00a0A physical basis of impulse electroprospecting application is contrast of electric conductivity and polarizability of rocks and ores in natural stratification. Depth of penetration of the non-stationary electromagnetic field in the earth is defined by time. \u00a0Transients are studied at the moment of current off \u00a0 by \u00a0induction receivers, usually loops or small multicoil receivers.\r\n

\"3D<\/strong><\/p>\r\nDepending on the interpreter\u2019s choice, software \u00a0gives different \u00a0variants \u00a0 of data interpretation algorithms. Comfortable control system allows to choose from the great number of equivalents results that will appear to be the best in geophysical and geological point of view.\r\n\r\nConception of multi-station \u00a0interpretation is basis of the ZondTEM1D<\/strong> software. Consequently, profile line data is considered as a reflection of geological section. It’s mean \u00a0that \u00a0multi-station data of profile line is whole, and not set of \u00a0separated curves. Special windowed algorithms developed for interpretation of \u00a0profile line data are provided in the software. But most software features can be used also during work with the separated points of TEM. Also You can use areal XY\u00a0survey \u00a0with arbitrary lines orientation in multi-line mode.\r\n

\"Areal<\/strong><\/p>\r\nZondTEM1D\u00a0<\/strong>allows to work with any types of \u00a0TEM acquisition systems\u00a0or their combinations. The program supports as traditional systems(coincident loops, in loop, fixed loops, line-loop, \u00a0loop-line, \u00a0line-line), and the most exotic with arbitrary orientation. The geometry of sources and receivers can be various on the plane. Electromagnetic fields and\/or their time’s derivatives can be used. Data in most popular\u00a0formats , such as IX1D(TEM, USF), TEM-FAST, Amira, Geonics, Emma software, ERA or Podbor can be loaded into the software.\r\n\r\nAs the basic task of the program is inversion of geoelectric section parameters \u2013 few variants of inverse problem are designed\u00a0in\u00a0ZondTEM1D<\/strong>,<\/strong>\u00a0 \u00a0basic of them are: smoothed inversion \u2013 to get smooth, and focusing \u2013 to get \u00a0the piece-smooth distributing of geoelectric parameters vs depth.\r\n\r\nBecause of equivalence of inverse geophysical problems, quality of the obtained results strongly depends on the amount of used\u00a0a priori data. In\u00a0ZondTEM1d<\/strong>\u00a0there is possibility of weight setting(Error gates) for measurements, fixing and limiting of different layers parameters, using of a priori model as reference in inversion. If the values of some section parameters are known exactly (a priori or on interpretation results), their fixing is possible before the beginning of automatic interpretation. The fixed parameters do not change during the process of inversion. Fixing of parameters is the method for \u00a0hard regularization of inversion process. The robust schemas of noise estimation are realized in the program.\r\n

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\"Resistivity<\/strong><\/p>\r\nBasic features:\r\n